Do I set intonation before or after changing strings?
After. Fresh strings first, stretch until pitch settles, then relief, action, and the 12th-fret check. Mixed-age strings make the tuner look wrong when string condition is the real issue.
What order should I use after a string change?
Fresh strings → neck relief → action → saddle intonation. Length corrections only stay true when bow and height are already stable.
How do I run a 12th-fret check?
Tune the open string on GuitarTuner.io. Compare the 12th-fret harmonic to the fretted 12th with normal pressure. Sharp means lengthen at the saddle; flat means shorten. Retune open after every move.
When should I stop and see a tech?
When the truss rod will not turn smoothly, fretted notes stay badly off after careful string work, or you see structural issues. Do not invent turn counts or force a stuck rod.
Is GuitarTuner.io free to use for setup checks?
Yes. Free in the browser, no account, no paid upgrade required to tune. Audio is processed on-device for tuning feedback.